Effect of electropolymerization potential on the properties of PEDOT/ZnO thin film composites

The physical, chemical and electrochemical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) /zinc oxide (PEDOT/ZnO) thin film electrode that were prepared electrochemically were studied. PEDOT was potentiostatically deposited on the hexagonal flake-like ZnO-covered ITO glass substrate by applying three different potentials (1.0 V, 1.25 V and 1.5 V) where under these circumstances, the effect of varying electropolymerization potentials where studied. The optical bandgap of each of the PEDOT/ZnO composites prepared were noticed to be within the range of 3.40 eV to 3.45 eV which were in between the optical band gap values of sole PEDOT and ZnO. The presence of both materials was asserted from XRD, FTIR and Raman analysis where all of the corresponding peaks for each of the materials in the spectra were assigned. SEM revealed the flake-like hexagonal morphology of ZnO which is in agreement with the XRD analysis. While the PEDOT morphology was discerned with round-shaped granular morphology where the average grain size was decreased with the electropolymerization potentials. The resistance of charge transfer of PEDOT/ZnO thin film was directly proportional to the electropolymerization potential while on the specific capacitance was inversely proportional. The composite exhibit both PEDOT and ZnO unique properties that can be used as a multi-functional material in various potential applications

Recreating historical Malay architecture with BIM process

In South-East Asia, the Malay architecture is among the popular subject of research because of its historical importance within the region, apart from many others. To some researchers, the Malay architecture is unique because of its intangible meaning and historically rich design characters. It is difficult to be reproduced, and only limited numbers of people are acknowledged as experts. With the introduction of technology such as BIM, it is hypothesized that the gap can be minimized. The idea of this paper is to outline the process of recreating cultural architectural design using a modern process such as Building Information Modelling (BIM) platform in specific, from data collection using Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and digitalization process in Revit software. This paper employs observation approach using data from laser scanner collected from case study and content analysis technique. While normally most of the cultural architecture is undocumented, the findings of this activity are aimed to provide guideline to develop geometrical information for heritage-enthusiast in practicing their undertakings. It is hoped that more historical and cultural architecture can be recreated and appreciated for the use and inspiration of current construction industry

The Role of 5D Building Information Modelling in Construction Project Cost Management: An Overview and Future Directions

The significance of 5D BIM in construction project cost management is increasing as the construction industry has experienced significant technological advancements. Despite the growing importance of 5D BIM in construction project cost management, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding its full potential and the necessary skills and training required by professionals in utilizing this technology. Thus, there is a need to explore the benefits, challenges, and best practices of implementing 5D BIM in cost management, as well as the role of professionals in utilizing it for optimal results. This paper aims to address this knowledge gap through a systematic literature review and provide insights into the future of 5D BIM in construction project cost management. The paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and best practices of implementing 5D BIM in cost management. Furthermore, it examines the role of professionals in utilising 5D BIM for cost management, including the necessary skills, training, and team-building strategies. Additionally, the paper delves into the future of 5D BIM in cost management, exploring emerging trends and technological advancements. The conclusion summarises the key points and highlights the insights into future research direction

POTENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

Abstract Zakat is an Islamic instrument for poverty reduction and achieving the welfare of the community equally and fairly. This religious instrument has tremendous economic potential to garner a sense of social solidarity of the rich (aghniya) to the poor (fuqara), to provide aid to the poor on the basis of love, so that the poor can be free from poverty. In the context of the local area, zakat is also a great potential, including in Konsel, to eradicate poverty. But the zakat has not been able to work properly. From this research it is known that the potential zakat fitrah in Konawe Selatan high enough. The potential is there on the Muslim population that is 250 818 inhabitants (93% of the population Konawe Selatan) which annually pay zakat fitrah. The percentage of tithe payment Konsel which amounted to 99.2% claimed regular pay tithes annually. With the level of awareness of paying zakat, zakat fitrah Konawe Selatan community life 250 818 X 2.5 Kg Rice = 627 045, or if in the form of money 250 818 X Rp 20,000 = US $5.01636 billion. Zakat mal potention, viewed by the average level of public income per month, which is the level of income above US$ 4,600,000.00 per month of 0.8%. This figure shows the potential of tax payers mall in Konawe Selatan. While zakat agriculture, plantation, farming, trading, gold, silver and mining have not been explored in this study. The effectiveness of the management of zakat fitrah and zakat mal in Konawe Selatan yet effective. The management system is still conventional, not to use a wellorganized system; still through small groups from mosques every region, has not been done in a centralized or without a centralized management that gives direction to better and more effective. Indicators ineffectiveness are: (1) the low level of public understanding of zakat, (2) the level of public confidence in the amil zakat institutions are not yet fully developed well, as is evident by the many muzaki who pay zakat directly to mustahiq, (3) management amil zakat by not completely worked according to the principles of good management, (4) has not impacted the growing prosperity of the people who receive zakat (mustahiq), or it can be said that zakat in Konawe Selatan still categories of zakat zakat consumptive yet productive. Keywords: Zakat, potential, management and effectiveness

Heritage building preservation through building information modellling: reviving cultural values through level of development exploration

Despite the rich and diverse heritage buildings in Malaysia, they suffer from many problems and threats. Many heritage buildings are deteriorating, and this threatens the country’s cultural values. The deterioration of built heritage is a result of the poor inheritance of its related documentation and need to be addressed. Thus, this study brought forward the concept of preservation using Building Information Modelling (BIM). Exploring the potential of BIM as a preservation tool in reviving local cultural values might help to balance the problem of poor inheritance or inconsistency in managing historic and documentation maintenance. The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between levels of development (LOD) and usage of BIM in heritage building preservation. This study employs exploratory research using content analysis. The result of the study found that the availability of as-built details (LOD 500) of the building would be the crucial dataset needed for BIM to function in heritage building as H-BIM. This paper suggests on techniques available for constructing Level of Development (LOD) needed for H-BIM

A generic process of documentation and data management for historical Malay architecture using BIM

Historical Malay Building Information Modelling (HMBIM) is a prototype library of historical Malay BIM objects, which are developed based on historical study on the architecture of Malay heritage. The objective of this paper is to outline a generic process of documentation and data management (data collection, modelling and retrieval using BIM), specific for the preservation and conservation effort of Malay architecture. This research employs multiple case studies technique and the process begins with the collection of data using multiple reliable sources namely archival reports, measured drawings and scan-to-BIM. HMBIM is enriched using reverse engineering approach where the information about building components are semantically identified according to Malay architecture characteristics and enriched into data coding system. Since there is no standard approach for conservators in the work of conservation, assembly and disassembly of Malay buildings in Malaysia, HMBIM is anticipated to be able to suggest ‘standard’ for the work. The main output for this paper is the creation of framework in demonstrating the processes involved

Effect Of Layering Sequence On Mechanical Properties Of Hybrid Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch/Kenaf Fibre Reinforce Epoxy Composites

This paper presents the characterization on mechanical properties of hybrid oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB)/kenaf reinforced epoxy composites at varying fibre layering sequence. OPEFB and kenaf in the form of short fibre (designated as OPs and Ks) and woven kenaf (Km) were used to form the final hybrid composites. All samples were characterized in accordance with ASTM D3039-14 for tensile test, ASTM D790-10 for flexural test and ASTM D256-10 for impact test. Results obtained revealed that the hybrid composites maximum tensile strength (26.876 MPa), tensile modulus (2.974 GPa), flexural strength (77.911 MPa), impact toughness (1.672 kJ/m2) and impact energy (1.24 J) value was obtained for Km/OPs/Km layering sequence, while the minimum value for all mechanical properties was obtained for OPs/Ks/OPs layering sequence. Moreover, highest value for flexural modulus (3.470 GPa) was obtained for Ks/OPs/Ks layering sequence. In conclusion, layering sequence with more woven kenaf layers improved the final hybrid composites mechanical properties compared to short fibre kenaf due to longer fibre length and fibre orientation. The final hybrid composites mechanical strength is also greatly influenced by the strength of the extreme outer layer fibres within the laminates, as well as the fibre orientation (either woven or randomly oriented)

Spatial analysis on Malay buildings for categorization of Malay historic BIM library

Problem statement/Literature Review: In Malaysia, Malay cultural architecture is becoming a popular topic since Malay architecture is believed to have unique characteristics, which would be beneficial if translated into BIM environment. However, a BIM library needs a localized system and categorization for its interface since a cultural heritage library should reflect their own original identity of architecture. From literature, it was found that the traditional design form in Malay architecture can be identified through several aspects that are inherent physical elements in the design which can be sorted into five distinct categories which are (i) Structural members (ii) Non-structural members (iii) Aesthetic and decorative elements (iv) Spatial composition and organization and (v) Material and construction technology. Methodology: In order to develop a BIM library with cultural identity, this paper further the study on the characters of Malay architecture based on the spatial composition and organization aspect with respect to the theory of space and taxonomy. Results & Analysis: A spatial analysis on the layout of multiple historic Malay buildings consisting of commoners’ house and palaces were conducted where the naming of areas within the building zones was identified and presented to propose a novel categorization structure for Malay Historic BIM library. Conclusion: This study proposed an approach on how to address the issue of developing a BIM library based on the cultural architecture characters

Fundamental of Entrepreneurship (ETR300) Business Plan : Meido Kissa Technolounge / Abg Zulkernain Abg Yusuf... [et al.]

MEIDO KISSA TECHNOLOUNGE is a cafe establishment that aims to provide the best hangout spot and lounge in Malaysia which uses technological approach to delight and attract customers, and at the same time keeping it distinguishable and unique from other competitors in the market. Thus MEIDO KISSA is a new venture for Technological Entrepreneurship in Malaysia. The main selling points for MEIDO KISSA would be the hi-tech equipments that will be prepared for the user at the cafe. Other local cafes in the local market basically offer the same thing for the community and we can say that the only thing that separates them from each other is their list of menus. There is very little room for innovation. People came, sit down, order their drinks, wait and that's just about it. Thus we've decided to capitalize on this situation by offering something new. At our cafe, customer will no longer have to shout and call for the waiter to fetch them the menu. Instead, they get to order their food the futuristic way, using our interactive touch-screen table; a menu^ will pop up on the touch-screen table surface where the user can decide on their orders. After the selection is confirmed, the order will be transmitted to the counter via Bluetooth, where the waitress will then prepare the food and send it to the users' table. The menu will take 10-15 minutes to be prepared. It takes time because we offer only fresh made foods and beverages but fear not; waiting is no longer a problem since the users can use the touch-screen table as a media to play music, movies, and pictures or even browse the internet

Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017

Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2—to end preventable child deaths by 2030—we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends. Here we quantified, for the period 2000–2017, the subnational variation in mortality rates and number of deaths of neonates, infants and children under 5 years of age within 99 low- and middle-income countries using a geostatistical survival model. We estimated that 32% of children under 5 in these countries lived in districts that had attained rates of 25 or fewer child deaths per 1,000 live births by 2017, and that 58% of child deaths between 2000 and 2017 in these countries could have been averted in the absence of geographical inequality. This study enables the identification of high-mortality clusters, patterns of progress and geographical inequalities to inform appropriate investments and implementations that will help to improve the health of all populations